7/31/2023 0 Comments Le fort fracture type 2![]() Le Fort III type injuries are frequently more extensive and complete on one side. ![]() Finally, the Le Fort III type fractures result from a force vector delivered at the orbital level frequently laterally, resulting in craniofacial dysjunction from the skull base. Concomitant brain injuries are more commonly observed than in laterally directed forces. The fracture leads to mobility of the central midface through the orbits in a pyramidal pattern. Le Fort II type fractures occur in the setting of a force directed at the level of the nasal bones. Specifically, Le Fort I fracture type patterns occur secondary to a force vector directed at or below the infraorbital foramen and above include the maxillary arch, resulting in a floating palatal and maxillary segment containing the alveolus and teeth. They often occur in conjunction with facial lacerations, other facial fractures, spinal and neurological injuries, and polysystem trauma. Maxillary fractures are most commonly associated with motor vehicle and motorcycle collisions, followed by assault. The anatomical patterns if these structural pillars are compromised following the application of frontal or lateral injury forces at varied levels within the midface have been shown to be predictable, and are termed Le Fort fractures. Failure to restore the structural pillars after injury can lead to inadequate projection, height, and width, resulting in a short, retruded, and widened face. Both conceptually and practically, a fundamental understanding of the horizontal and vertical structural pillars of the midface skeleton is critical to understanding the diagnosis and management of these injuries. Injury to the midface can involve a complex constellation of the skeletal anatomy: the maxillary and zygomatic processes of the frontal bone, nasal bones, bones of the orbit, zygomas, ethmoids, vomer, pterygoid plates, maxilla, and palate. Normal anatomy and symmetry of the midface is integral to social recognition and perception. The bony skeleton serves as a framework that aids in respiratory, ocular, vocal, olfactory, and digestive functions. Injury to the midface can have significant aesthetic and functional sequelae.
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